SIZING YOUR FISH OR KOI POND’S BIOFILTER: USING THE MYAQUAPONICS BIO MEDIA CALCULATOR

SIZING YOUR FISH OR KOI POND’S BIOFILTER: USING THE MYAQUAPONICS BIO MEDIA CALCULATOR

MyAquaponics Tool

Biofilter Media Calculator

Enter how much you feed your fish each day and pick your media. We'll size the biofilter for you — based on the surface area your beneficial bacteria need to keep ammonia in check.

Tip: you can never really have too much bio media. Adding 10–20% above the figure above gives your colony room to handle feeding spikes and warmer water.

How the calculator works

Biological filtration is a numbers game: every gram of feed adds waste, and your bacteria need enough surface to live on to process it. Here's the logic behind the result.

  1. STEP 01

    Feed drives waste

    Uneaten food and fish waste both break down into toxic ammonia. More daily feed means more ammonia to convert.

  2. STEP 02

    Bacteria need surface

    Beneficial bacteria live on the media's surface. We allow roughly 0.03 m² of surface area per gram of daily feed.

  3. STEP 03

    Surface becomes volume

    Each media type packs a different surface area per litre (its SSA). We divide the surface you need by that figure to get litres.

The formula: Surface area needed (m²) = daily feed (g) × 0.03  →   Media volume (litres) = surface area ÷ SSA × 1000. A higher-SSA media does the same job in less space.

Compare the media

SSA (Specific Surface Area) is how much bacterial "living space" a media provides per cubic metre. Higher SSA = more filtration per litre — useful when tank space is tight.

Media SSA (m²/m³) Best for
LECA 250 Budget-friendly, static filters & grow beds
Bioballs 500 All-round static or moving-bed use
K1 Micro 950 Moving-bed filters where space is limited
Bio Media Filter Discs 1200 Maximum filtration in the smallest footprint

Getting the best from your biofilter

Moving-bed media (K1 range) should only fill 40–60% of the chamber — it needs room to tumble in the water flow. Never pack it solid.
Give it time to mature. A new filter takes 4–6 weeks to fully colonise with bacteria. Feed lightly at first and let the colony catch up before stocking heavily.
Warmer water needs more. Fish feed more and produce more waste in summer. If you feed seasonally, size for your heaviest feeding period, not the average.
What if I don't know my exact daily feed?

A common guide is feeding 1–2% of your fish's total body weight per day. Estimate the combined weight of your fish, take 1.5% of it in grams, and use that as your daily feed figure. When unsure, round up — extra media never hurts.

Can I mix different media types?

Yes. Many pond keepers run a static media like LECA or Bioballs alongside a moving bed of K1. If you mix, calculate each media's share separately and add the volumes together.

Is more media ever a bad thing?

Practically, no — extra biological surface only adds resilience. The limits are your chamber size, water flow, and budget. For moving-bed media, remember the 40–60% fill rule so it can still tumble.

How often do I clean bio media?

Rarely, and gently. Bio media isn't meant to be scrubbed — that kills the bacteria you've grown. If it clogs, rinse lightly in pond water (never tap water, which is chlorinated) and only a portion at a time.

Not sure which media suits your setup? Talk to the MyAquaponics team — as aquaculture and pond specialists, we'll help you match media, filter type and flow rate to your pond.